{"id":11538,"date":"2021-05-29T12:10:37","date_gmt":"2021-05-29T12:10:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/?p=11538"},"modified":"2021-05-29T12:10:37","modified_gmt":"2021-05-29T12:10:37","slug":"bats-know-the-speed-of-sound-from-birth-scientists-discovery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/05\/29\/bats-know-the-speed-of-sound-from-birth-scientists-discovery\/","title":{"rendered":"Bats know the speed of sound from birth, scientists discovery"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"first\" class=\"lead\">A new Tel Aviv University study has revealed, for the first time, that bats know the speed of sound from birth. In order to prove this, the researchers raised bats from the time of their birth in a helium-enriched environment in which the speed of sound is higher than normal. They found that unlike humans, who map the world in units of distance, bats map the world in units of time. What this means is that the bat perceives an insect as being at a distance of nine milliseconds, and not one and a half meters, as was thought until now.<\/p>\n<div id=\"text\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11539\" src=\"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/bats-already-know-echolocation-since-birth-unlike-other-animals-research-reveals-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews.jpg\" alt=\"bats-already-know-echolocation-since-birth-unlike-other-animals-research-reveals-rapidnews\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/bats-already-know-echolocation-since-birth-unlike-other-animals-research-reveals-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/bats-already-know-echolocation-since-birth-unlike-other-animals-research-reveals-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/bats-already-know-echolocation-since-birth-unlike-other-animals-research-reveals-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/bats-already-know-echolocation-since-birth-unlike-other-animals-research-reveals-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/bats-already-know-echolocation-since-birth-unlike-other-animals-research-reveals-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews-675x450.jpg 675w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The study was published in the\u00a0<em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>In order to determine where things are in a space, bats use sonar &#8212; they produce sound waves that hit objects and are reflected back to the bat. Bats can estimate the position of the object based on the time that elapses between the moment the sound wave is produced and the moment it is returned to the bat. This calculation depends on the speed of sound, which can vary in different environmental conditions, such as air composition or temperature. For example, there could be a difference of almost 10% between the speed of sound at the height of the summer, when the air is hot and the sound waves spread faster, and the winter season. Since the discovery of sonar in bats 80 years ago, researchers have been trying to figure out whether bats acquire the ability to measure the speed of sound over the course of their lifetime or are born with this innate, constant sense.<\/p>\n<p>Now, researchers led by Prof. Yossi Yovel, head of the Sagol School of Neuroscience and a faculty member of the School of Zoology in the Faculty of Life Sciences and his former doctoral student Dr. Eran Amichai (currently studying at Dartmouth College) have succeeded in answering this question. The researchers conducted an experiment in which they were able to manipulate the speed of sound. They enriched the air composition with helium to increase the speed of sound, and under these conditions raised bat pups from the time of their birth, as well as adult bats. Neither the adult bats nor the bat pups were able to adjust to the new speed of sound and consistently landed in front of the target, indicating that they perceived the target as being closer &#8212; that is, they did not adjust their behavior to the higher speed of sound.<\/p>\n<p>Because this occurred both in the adult bats that had learned to fly in normal environmental conditions and in the pups that learned to fly in an environment with a higher-than-normal speed of sound, the researchers concluded that the rate of the speed of sound in bats is innate &#8212; they have a constant sense of it. &#8220;Because bats need to learn to fly within a short time of their birth,&#8221; explains Prof. Yovel, &#8220;we hypothesize that an evolutionary &#8216;choice&#8217; was made to be born with this knowledge in order to save time during the sensitive development period.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Another interesting conclusion of the study is that bats do not actually calculate the distance to the target according to the speed of sound. Because they do not adjust the speed of sound encoded in their brains, it seems that they also do not translate the time it takes for the sound waves to return into units of distance. Therefore, their spatial perception is actually based on measurements of time and not distance.<\/p>\n<p>Prof. Yossi Yovel: &#8220;What most excited me about this study is that we were able to answer a very basic question &#8212; we found that in fact bats do not measure distance, but rather time, to orient themselves in space. This may sound like a semantic difference, but I think that it means that their spatial perception is fundamentally different than that of humans and other visual creatures, at least when they rely on sonar. It&#8217;s fascinating to see how diverse evolution is in the brain-computing strategies it produces.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"impact-unit-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"pgs-dpg-btn\" data-pgs-partner-id=\"sciencedaily\" data-loaded=\"true\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A new Tel Aviv University study has revealed, for the first time, that bats know<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11540,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.4.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Unlike humans, bats know the speed of sound from birth: Scientists<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A new Tel Aviv University study has revealed, for the first time, that bats know the speed of sound from birth. In order to prove this,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/05\/29\/bats-know-the-speed-of-sound-from-birth-scientists-discovery\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unlike humans, bats know the speed of sound from birth: Scientists\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A new Tel Aviv University study has revealed, for the first time, that bats know the speed of sound from birth. 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The rate dropped for moms of every major race and ethnicity, and in nearly age group, falling to the lowest point since federal health officials\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;World&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"US-birth-rate-falls-to-lowest-point-in-more-than-a-century-rapidnews","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/US-birth-rate-falls-to-lowest-point-in-more-than-a-century-rapidnews.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7489,"url":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/03\/27\/ex-cdc-director-believes-covid-19-escaped-from-a-lab-but-cites-no-evidence\/","url_meta":{"origin":11538,"position":4},"title":"Ex-CDC director believes COVID-19 escaped from a lab, but cites no evidence","date":"March 27, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Dr. Robert Redfield, the former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), says that he believes the novel coronavirus escaped from a lab in Wuhan, according to news reports. However, many experts have rejected that theory as unlikely. In an\u00a0interview with CNN\u00a0released Friday (March 26), Redfield stressed\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Health&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"Ex-CDC-director-believes-COVID-19-escaped-from-a-lab-but-cites-no-evidence-rapidnews","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ex-CDC-director-believes-COVID-19-escaped-from-a-lab-but-cites-no-evidence-rapidnews.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4523,"url":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/02\/14\/antibiotics-in-pregnancy-linked-to-higher-asthma-risk-in-kids\/","url_meta":{"origin":11538,"position":5},"title":"Antibiotics in pregnancy linked to higher asthma risk in kids","date":"February 14, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Children whose mothers used antibiotics in pregnancy may have a slightly heightened risk of asthma, a new study suggests. Experts were quick to point out the finding does not prove cause and effect, and the reasons for the antibiotic use -- rather than the drug -- might explain the link,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Health&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"Antibiotics-in-pregnancy-linked-to-higher-asthma-risk-in-kids-rapidnews-dailyrapid-dailyrapidnews","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Antibiotics-in-pregnancy-linked-to-higher-asthma-risk-in-kids-rapidnews-dailyrapid-dailyrapidnews.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11538"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11541,"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11538\/revisions\/11541"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11538"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11538"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}