{"id":7976,"date":"2021-04-02T11:27:57","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T11:27:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/?p=7976"},"modified":"2021-04-02T11:27:57","modified_gmt":"2021-04-02T11:27:57","slug":"a-yale-study-finds-rhesus-monkeys-see-the-world-like-us","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/04\/02\/a-yale-study-finds-rhesus-monkeys-see-the-world-like-us\/","title":{"rendered":"A Yale study finds rhesus monkeys see the world like us"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>All day long, our brains are busy receiving sensory information: smells, sounds, sights, and so on. We absorb much of this without really thinking about it. However, every now and then something we see grabs our attention, maybe a stunning landscape or a beautiful sunset. We stop what we&#8217;re doing and spend a moment taking it in. Are we the only animal that can stop and take conscious notice of what we see?<\/p>\n<p>A study just published in the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/118\/15\/e2017543118\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u00a0<em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em><\/a>\u00a0suggests that we&#8217;re not. It appears that at least one other animal \u2014 the rhesus monkey,\u00a0<em>Macaca mulatta<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 shares our ability to pay deliberate attention to what it sees. The authors of the study infer this ability, paradoxically, from the manner in which the monkey deals with visual inputs it\u00a0<em>doesn&#8217;t<\/em>\u00a0consciously notice.<\/p>\n<h2>Double disassociation<\/h2>\n<div class=\"share-tab-img share-buttons share-trigger\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"00130\" class=\"rm-lazyloadable-image rm-shortcode\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.rebelmouse.io\/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yNTk1MDc3MC9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYyMjQ2MjczOX0.p3zSlFlblNu0B52WlpTKUuY5dP0jWlbE2gwJ_126Bk4\/img.jpg?quality=80&amp;width=693\" width=\"1440\" height=\"960\" data-rm-shortcode-id=\"1a37ff8d97ac139c821984f837016fda\" data-rm-shortcode-name=\"rebelmouse-image\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"share-media-panel\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>It has been known for some time that even when visual stimuli escape our conscious attention, we respond to it subliminally, says Yale psychologist Laurie Santos, co-senior author of the paper along with Yale psychologist Steve Chang and Ran Hassin of Hebrew University. Even so, she says, &#8220;We tend to show different patterns of learning when presented with subliminal stimuli than we do for consciously experienced, or supraliminal stimuli.&#8221; (&#8220;Supraliminal&#8221; describes visual stimuli that are consciously noted.)<\/p>\n<p>The authors of the study set out to see if rhesus monkeys exhibited a similar &#8220;double disassociation&#8221; in the way they respond to supraliminal vs. subliminal visual stimuli.<\/p>\n<h2>Ask a monkey a question<\/h2>\n<div class=\"share-tab-img share-buttons share-trigger\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"b091c\" class=\"rm-lazyloadable-image rm-shortcode\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.rebelmouse.io\/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8yNTk1MDc5Mi9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTY3NzE3NDU4OH0.16kHB95JAZDzjGIMsdo64pBgrylnAhx6HDqJOEqoIKY\/img.jpg?quality=80&amp;width=693\" width=\"1440\" height=\"954\" data-rm-shortcode-id=\"b916d42a9e5008baddf90d73951ea807\" data-rm-shortcode-name=\"rebelmouse-image\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"share-media-panel\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Obviously, research on animals is hampered by our inability to question critters. As a result, scientists need to be creative in designing experimental methods that allow them to draw conclusions based strictly on empirical observation.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;People have wondered for a long time whether animals experience the world the way we do, but it&#8217;s been difficult to figure out a good way to test this question empirically,&#8221; says first author of the study, Moshe Shay Ben-Haim, a postdoctoral fellow at Yale University.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers came up with a series of experiments in which both humans and rhesus monkeys could observably demonstrate how they process subliminal and supraliminal visual stimuli.<\/p>\n<p>In the experiments, participants were tasked with predicting the side of a computer screen on which a target image would appear depending on the position of a visual cue, a small star symbol, provided by the researchers.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7978\" src=\"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/rhesus-monekys-see-the-world-like-we-do-rapidnews-dailyrapid.jpg\" alt=\"rhesus-monekys-see-the-world-like-we-do-rapidnews-dailyrapid\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/rhesus-monekys-see-the-world-like-we-do-rapidnews-dailyrapid.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/rhesus-monekys-see-the-world-like-we-do-rapidnews-dailyrapid-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/rhesus-monekys-see-the-world-like-we-do-rapidnews-dailyrapid-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/rhesus-monekys-see-the-world-like-we-do-rapidnews-dailyrapid-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/rhesus-monekys-see-the-world-like-we-do-rapidnews-dailyrapid-675x450.jpg 675w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>When the researchers displayed the cue on one side of the screen long enough to ensure that it was noticed \u2014 that is, it was a supraliminal signal \u2014 both humans and monkeys learned to look for the target image on the opposite side of the screen.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, when the star flashed on the screen only very briefly, both humans and monkeys consistently looked to the side on which this subliminal signal had appeared, anticipating the target image&#8217;s appearance there.<\/p>\n<p>In the first case, the subjects learned the significance of the cue&#8217;s position. In the second, their response simply mirrored the subliminal cue. This, say the authors, demonstrates the different ways in which humans \u2014 and monkeys apparently \u2014 react to visual stimuli that are consciously noticed or not.<\/p>\n<p>Ben-Haim summarizes the authors&#8217; interpretation of the experiment:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;These results show that at least one non-human animal exhibits both non-conscious perception as well as human-like conscious visual awareness. We now have a new non-verbal method for assessing whether other non-human creatures experience visual awareness in the same way as humans.&#8221;<\/p>\n<div class=\"around-the-web\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>All day long, our brains are busy receiving sensory information: smells, sounds, sights, and so<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7977,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.4.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Scientists are getting closer to knowing how animals see the world<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"All day long, our brains are busy receiving sensory information: smells, sounds, sights, and so on. 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While the cognitive benefits of caffeine -- increased alertness, improved vigilance, enhanced focus and improved motor performance -- are well established, the stimulant's affect on creativity is less known, the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Health&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"caffeinestudy-caffeine-may-boost-problem-solving-ability--not-creativity--study-rapid-news-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/caffeinestudy-caffeine-may-boost-problem-solving-ability-not-creativity-study-rapid-news-rapidnews-dailyrapidnews.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":18088,"url":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2022\/06\/04\/parents-with-children-who-attend-school-in-congested-areas\/","url_meta":{"origin":7976,"position":2},"title":"Parents with children who attend school in congested areas should be aware of the dangers of learning fears.","date":"June 4, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"PARENTS HAVE BEEN WARNED that their children's brain development will be slowed at schools in noise-polluted areas. Scientists tested the effects of noise pollution on children's development in a new study, and the results were shocking. The Barcelona Institute for Global Health conducted a study comparing children's cognitive development and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Health&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3859,"url":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/02\/07\/vladimir-putin-is-a-monkey-with-a-grenade-navalnys-aide-says-its-time-to-be-tough-with-russian-leaders\/","url_meta":{"origin":7976,"position":3},"title":"Vladimir Putin is a \u201cmonkey with a grenade\u201d: Navalny\u2019s aide says it\u2019s time to be tough with Russian leaders","date":"February 7, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Just like his boss, Leonid Volkov knew what he was doing. Alexei Navalny\u2019s return to Russia marked the beginning of his arrest, courts, prisons, and protracted struggles. For his right arm, it meant a period of voluntary asylum in Europe, out of the reach of the Kremlin\u2019s long arm. As\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;World&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"vladimir-putin-is-a-monkey-with-a-grenade-rapidnews-rapid-news","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/vladimir-putin-is-a-monkey-with-a-grenade-rapidnews-rapid-news.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":8599,"url":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/04\/10\/musks-neuralink-shows-monkey-with-brain-chip-playing-videogame\/","url_meta":{"origin":7976,"position":4},"title":"Musk&#8217;s Neuralink shows monkey with brain-chip playing videogame","date":"April 10, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk\u2019s brain-chip startup released footage on Friday appearing to show a monkey playing a simple videogame after getting implants of the new technology. First @Neuralink product will enable someone with paralysis to use a smartphone with their mind faster than someone using thumbs \u2014 Elon Musk (@elonmusk)\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Tech&quot;","img":{"alt_text":"Musk-Neuralink-shows-monkey-with-brain-chip-playing-videogame-rapidnews","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Musk-Neuralink-shows-monkey-with-brain-chip-playing-videogame-rapidnews.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7762,"url":"https:\/\/dailyrapidnews.com\/eng\/2021\/03\/29\/pantry-moths-who-eat-each-other-prove-a-key-principle-of-evolution\/","url_meta":{"origin":7976,"position":5},"title":"Pantry moths who eat each other prove a key principle of evolution","date":"March 29, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"A common moth, found in pantries, could explain a crucial link between society and selfishness, according to a new study. Researchers showed that an increase in sibling interaction resulted in less selfish behavior in Indian meal moth caterpillars. 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